What is the purpose of two-factor authentication (2FA)?

The purpose of two-factor authentication (2FA) is to enhance security by requiring two separate forms of identification for access. This method involves two distinct steps in the authentication process: something you know (typically a password) and something you have (like a phone or a hardware token). By combining these two factors, 2FA significantly reduces the likelihood of unauthorized access, even if an attacker knows the user's password. This layered approach to security adds an essential safeguard against threats such as phishing, as attackers would need both forms of identification to gain access to sensitive information or systems.

While simplifying user login processes, enabling single sign-on capabilities, or securely storing passwords are relevant topics in the realm of security, they do not capture the specific intent and functionality of 2FA as accurately as the requirement for dual forms of identification.