Which of the following are key elements of data loss prevention (DLP)?

The key elements of data loss prevention (DLP) focus specifically on ensuring that sensitive information is identified, monitored, and protected appropriately. This encompasses a comprehensive approach to safeguarding data from unauthorized access, sharing, or breaches.

Identification refers to the processes and tools used to categorize data based on sensitivity, allowing organizations to pinpoint what needs protection. Monitoring involves continual oversight of how this sensitive data is being used, transferred, or stored, ensuring that any unauthorized attempts to access or transmit data can be detected in real time. Lastly, protection includes implementing various measures such as access controls, encryption, or policies aimed at preventing data leaks or breaches.

While the other options may contribute to an organization's overall security posture, they do not specifically encapsulate the fundamental aspects central to DLP. Configuring firewalls and antivirus software, for instance, centers on general security measures rather than the specific safeguarding of sensitive data. Regular updates to operating systems and applications ensure security and functionality but do not directly address the unique challenges associated with protecting sensitive information. Lastly, while encryption is a valuable tool for protecting data, it is just one component of a broader DLP strategy that also includes data identification and monitoring.