Which of the following is a common example of malware?

Ransomware is a prominent type of malware that maliciously encrypts a victim’s files and demands payment, often in cryptocurrency, to unlock them. This type of software is designed to prevent access to data or devices until a ransom is paid, making it a significant threat in the realm of cybersecurity. Unlike beneficial tools such as antivirus programs or firewalls, which are designed to protect systems from malicious attacks, ransomware operates with the intent to exploit and compromise users' data, emphasizing how it fits the definition of malware. This distinction is crucial in understanding the harmful nature of ransomware compared to security-focused software that helps safeguard systems against such threats.